Peru's 25 regions constitute the country's primary administrative division at Level 1 of its three-tier governmental structure. Established through decentralization reforms in the early 2000s, these regions serve as intermediate governing bodies between the national government and provincial administrations. Regional governments exercise authority over economic development planning, public infrastructure projects, healthcare systems, education services, and natural resource management within their territories. Each region is led by a directly elected regional governor and council who serve four-year terms. The regional level coordinates policies across multiple provinces and municipalities, manages regional budgets derived from both national transfers and local revenues, and implements programs tailored to their specific geographic and demographic conditions.