Districts serve as the second and lowest tier of Mongolia's two-level administrative system, with 339 districts operating across the country. Known as "sum" in rural areas and "düüreg" in urban settings, these units function as the primary interface between citizens and government administration. Districts handle essential local services including civil registration, primary healthcare facilities, basic education administration, and local law enforcement coordination. In rural districts, responsibilities extend to managing pasture land allocation and supporting nomadic herding communities, while urban districts focus on municipal services, housing registration, and local infrastructure maintenance. District governors, appointed by provincial or capital city authorities, oversee daily administrative operations and implement policies from higher government levels. Each district maintains offices for tax collection, social welfare distribution, and public record keeping, making them critical to Mongolia's decentralized governance structure.